A New Norovirus Strain May Explain Surge in Stomach Bug Cases

A new strain of norovirus, GII.17[P17], has become the dominant cause of outbreaks across the United States, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This strain’s rapid spread, including outbreaks on cruise ships, could explain the recent sharp rise in stomach bug infections nationwide.

Norovirus Trends and Data

Nearly 70% of norovirus outbreaks this season have been linked to the GII.17 strain, according to CaliciNet, a CDC network of public health laboratories. Previous outbreaks since 2012 were largely dominated by another strain, GII.4, which now accounts for only about 7% of cases.

The CDC also reported six norovirus outbreaks on cruise ships in December, the highest number recorded for that month in over a decade. Wastewater samples monitored across the U.S. show “high” levels of the virus, aligning with other data sources indicating a peak in norovirus activity.

GII.17 and Its Global Impact

The GII.17 strain, though circulating for decades, has only recently caused large waves of infections. Europe, Japan, and China have reported significant outbreaks linked to this strain in recent years, with the U.S. seeing a rise last season.

Severity and Spread

While the GII.17 strain is widespread, scientists caution that more research is needed to determine whether it causes more severe symptoms compared to other strains. Historical data on similar norovirus strain changes suggest that new variants do not always result in more severe outbreaks.

Prevention Measures

Health officials emphasize that the current outbreak underscores the importance of prevention. Key recommendations include:

• Handwashing: Regularly wash hands with soap and water, especially before eating or preparing food.
• Staying Home When Sick: Avoid contact with others while symptomatic and for at least 48 hours after recovery.
• Proper Cleaning: Disinfect contaminated surfaces and wash any exposed clothing or linens.

Although norovirus cases typically resolve without medical treatment, the virus remains highly contagious. Vigilance in following prevention guidelines is crucial to limiting its spread during this peak season.

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